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Ayn Rand

The Moral Case for Individual Rights

Core Question: Why does a moral defense of capitalism begin with the rights of the individual?
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Ayn Rand - What Is Capitalism? (full course)

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Core Idea

Ayn Rand developed Objectivism, a philosophy emphasizing reason, rational self-interest, and individual rights. She argued that people need freedom to think, produce, and trade, and that government should protect their rights rather than direct economic life.
Her case for capitalism is moral as well as economic: voluntary exchange respects each person as an end in themselves. The featured 1967 lecture, published by the Ayn Rand Institute, develops this argument in her own words.

Key Takeaway

For Rand, capitalism is justified by individual rights and voluntary cooperation, not only by the wealth it produces.